REFERENCES

​

ID GUIDE TO WILD BEES OF NEW YORK

& Rockefeller State Park Preserve

​

NOTE:  Many thanks to Dr. John S. Ascher for his assistance in identifying the bees appearing on this site.

​

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

 

Buchanan, Stephen L. and Gary Paul Nabhan, The Forgotten Pollinators.  Washington, D.C.:  Island Press, 1996.

 

Evans, Arthur V., National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Insects and Spiders of North America. New York:  Sterling Publishing, 2008.  

​

Goulson, Dave.  Bumblebees: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation, 2nd ed.  Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 2010. 

 

Holm, Heather, Pollinators of Native Plants:  Attract, Observe and Identify Pollinators and Beneficial Insects with Native Plants. Minnetonka, MN:   Pollination Press, 2014. 

 

Marshall, Stephen A., Insects:  Their Natural History and Diversity.   Buffalo:  Firefly Books 2006. 

 

Michener, Charles D., The Bees of the World, 2nd ed.  Baltimore:  The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007. 

 

Michener, Charles D., The Social Behavior of the Bees. Cambridge:  Harvard University Press, 1974. 

 

Milne, Lorus and Margery Milne, National Audubon Society Field Guide to Insects and Spiders.  New York:  Knopf,  2006.

 

Mitchell, Theodore B. 1962. Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 2. North Carolina Agricultural Experimental Station Technical Bulletin No. 152. ​

​

Mitchell, Theodore B. 1960.  Bees of the Eastern United States. Volume 1. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.

 

Williams, Paul, Robbin Thorp, Leif Richardson & Sheila Colla, Bumble Bees of North America. Princeton:  Princeton University Press, 2014.

 

Wilson, Joseph S. and Olivia Messinger Carril, The Bees in Your Backyard: A Guide to North America's Bees.  Princeton:  Princeton University Press, 2016. 

​

The Xerxes Society, Attracting Native Pollinators:  Protecting North America's Bees and Butterflies, Deborah Burns, ed.  North Adams, MA:  Storey Publishing, 2010.  
 

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RECOMMENDED   BEE  IDENTIFICATION  DATABASES:

​

Ascher, J. S. and J. Pickering, Discover Life Bee Species Guide and World Checklist  (Apoidea - Bees, Apoid Wasps).  Discover Life.  2017.  Web.  Nov. 5, 2018.  <https://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Apoidea#Identification>

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Bug Guide.  Iowa State University Department of Entomology.   <http://bugguide.net>  This guide is an indispensable resource for bee identification in the United States.   Many thanks to entomologist  John S. Ascher for his tremendous help in confirming identifications of bees appearing in this website.  

​

Packer, Laurence and Julio A. Genaro and Cory S. Sheffield, "The Bee Genera of Eastern Canada."  Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification.  No. 3, September 25, 2007.  Web.  July 14, 2015.  <http://cjai.biologicalsurvey.ca/pgs_03/pgs_03_main.html> 

​

Pascarella, John B., "The Bees of Florida." Department of Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida. Web.  May 24, 2015.  <hhttp://entnemdept.ufl.edu/HallG/Melitto/floridabees/Bees_of_Florida_Part1.pdf>
 

​

REFERENCES  CONSULTED:

 

​Abrams, Judith & George C. Eickwort 1981. Nest switching and guarding by the communal sweat bee Agapostemon virescens (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Insectes Sociaux. 28:105-116. [Agapostemon]

​

Abrams, Judith &  Gordon C. Eickwort, G.C. 1980. Biology of the communal sweat bee Agapostemon virescens (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in New York State.  Search Agriculture 1-20. [Agapostemon]

 

Ascher, John S., Robert G. Goelet  Sarah Kornbluth. 2014.  “Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Gardiners Island, Suffolk County, New York,” Northeastern Naturalist 21(1):  47-71.  [Sphecodes johnsonii]

​

Baker, J. R. 1975. Taxonomy of five Neartic subgenera of Coelioxys (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae),” The University of Kansas Science Bulletin  50(12): 649-730. 

​

​Batra, S.W.T. 1980.  Ecology, behavior, pheromones, parasites and management of the sympatric vernal bees Colletes inaequalis, C. thoracius and C. validus.  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 53(3): 509-538.

 

"Bee Gallery."  The Great Sunflower Project.  August 10, 2014.  <http://www.greatsunflower.org/node/1126970>

 

"The Bee Keepers," The Boston Globe, June 23, 2013.  Web. July 18, 2014.  Retrieved from <http://www.bostonglobe.com/magazine/2013/06/22/the-harvard-scientist-linking-pesticides-honeybee-colony-collapse-disorder/nXvIA5I6IcxFRxEOc8tpFI/story.html>

 

"Beekeeping in Tennessee."  University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, UT Extension Publications.  July 24, 2014.  <https://utextension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/PB1745.pdf>

 

"Bees:  Genus Halictus (Sweat Bees)."  The Great Sunflower Project.  August 26, 2015.   <https://www.greatsunflower.org/halictus>

 

"Bees of New York."  The New York State Biodiversity Research Institute.  August 13, 2014.  Web.  <http://www.nybiodiversity.org/summaries/bees/species.html>

 

"Best Management Practices for Pollination in Ontario Crops."  NSERC-CANPOLIN Canadian Pollination Initiative.  Web.  June 20, 2015.  <http://www.pollinator.ca/bestpractices/>

 

Biddinger, D., H. J. Ngugi, M. Frazier, E. Rajo, T. Leslie and L.R. Donovall, "Development of the Mason Bee, Osmia cornifrons, as an Alternative Pollinator to Honey Bees and as a Targeted Delivery System for Biocontrol Agents in the Management of Fire Blight," Pennsylvania Fruit News, Jan 1, 2010, Vol. 90(2), pp. 35-44.

 

“Blueberries.”  United States Department of Agriculture.  April 2, 2016.  Web.   <http://www.ars.usda.gov/Research/docs.htm?docid=18389>

 

“Blueberry Pollinators.”  North Carolina State University – A & T State University Cooperative Extension.  April 2, 2016.  Web.  < https://entomology.ces.ncsu.edu/small-fruit-insect-biology-management/blueberry-pollinators/>

 

"Bombus bimaculatus."  The IUCN Redlist of Threatened Species.  Web.  June 23, 2015.  <http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/44937719/0> [Bombus]

 

"Bombus fervidus:  The Yellow Bumble Bee.”  Encyclopedia of Life.  Web.  June 23, 2015.  <http://eol.org/pages/1065363/details>

[Bombus]

 

“Bombus Fervidus.”   Entomology Collection, E. H. Strickland Entomological Museum, Dept. of Biological Sciences, University  of Alberta. <http://entomology.museums.ualberta.ca/searching_species_details.php?s=38254> [Bombus]

 

"Blue Orchard Mason Bee."  British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture.  Web.  June 16, 2015.  <http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/apiculture/factsheets/506_osmia.htm> [Osmia]

 

Bohart, George E. 2016.  Notes on Triepeolus remigatus (Fabricius), a 'Cuckoo Bee' Parasite of the Squash Bee, Xenoglossa strenua (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)." Pan-Pacific Entomology 42(4): 255-262.  

 

​Bouseman, J.K. 1987. Collection of Melissodes (Apomelissodes) apicata in Illinois (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 60(2): 335–336. [Melissodes]

 

“Bumble Bee Biographies"  ("Bombus bimaculatus'" and "Bombus fervidus”).  Beespotter. June 23, 2015.  <http://beespotter.org/topics/>  [Bombus]

 

"Bumble Bee Eyes" and "Bumble Bee Wings."  Bumblebee.org.  Web. July 21, 2014.
<http://www.bumblebee.org/> [Bombus]

 

"Bumble Bees Decline, Other Species Persist in Northeastern USA."   American Museum of Natural History.    May 27, 2015.  <http://www.amnh.org/explore/news-blogs/research-posts/study-bumble-bees-decline-other-species-persist-in-northeastern-usa>

[Bombus]

 

“Buzz Pollination.”  Leonard Lab.  Web. Jan 4, 2016.  < http://www.anneleonard.com/buzz-pollination/> [A great recording and video of a bumble bee practicing buzz pollination can be viewed here.] [Bombus]

​​

Bzdyk, E.L.  2012. “A revision of the Megachile subgenus Litomegachile Mitchell with an illustrated key and description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae, Megachilini), " Zookeys 221: 31–61. [Megachile]

​

Cane, J. H., Griswold T., & Parker F. D.  2007.  Substrates and materials used for nesting by North American Osmia bees (Hymenoptera: Apiformes: Megachilidae).  Annals of the Entomological Society of America 100(3): .350-358. [Osmia]

 

Cane, J.H. & J.A. Payne. 1988. Foraging ecology of the bee Habropoda laboriosa (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae), an oligolege of blueberries (Ericaceae: Vaccinium) in the southeastern United States. Annals of the Entomologial Society of America 81: 419-427. {Habropoda]

​

Cane, J. H., Sampson, B. J., & Miller, S. A. (2011). Pollination value of male bees: The specialist bee Peponapis pruinosa (Apidae) at summer squash (Cucurbita pepo). Environmental Entomology 40(3), 614–620. [Squash bee; Xenoglossa]

 

Canto-Aguilar, Maria Azucena & Victor Parra-Tabla. 2000.  Importance of Conserving Alternative Pollinators:  Assessing the Pollination Efficiency of the Squash Bee, Peponapis limitaris in Cucurbita moschata.  Journal of Insect Conservation 4(3): 201-208.   

 

“Carpenter Bees.”  United States Department of Agriculture Forestry Service. July 21,2014. <http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/pollinators/pollinator-of-the-month/carpenter_bees.shtml>

​

Cockerell, T. D. A. 1929.  Some bees of the group Trachandrena, Robertson (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), Annals of the Entomological Society of America 22(4): 754-758. [Andrena]

 

Cockerell, T.D.A. 1927. Bees of the genera Agapostemon and Augochlora in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 3 (4): 153–162. [Agapostemon]​​​

​

​Coelho, Beatriz W. T.  2004. A review of the bee genus Augochlorella (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Augochlorini). Systematic Entomology 29: 282-323. [Augochlorella]​

 

“Confusing Bumble Bee”.  Bumble Bee Watch. 2014. Web. July 20, 2014.   <http://www.bumblebeewatch.org/speciesprofiles/view/perplexus>  [Bombus]

Crandall, H., and H. D. Tate.  “The Bee,  Calliopsis andreniformis, as a factor in alfalfa seed setting,”  Journal of the American Society of Agronomy,  Vol .39 (161-63) (1947), pp. 161-63.  [Calliopsis]

 

“The Confusing Long-horned Bee.”  The Encyclopedia of Life.  Web. July 18, 2014.
<http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Melissodes+confusa>  [Melissodes]

​

Crawford, James C. 1901. North American bees of the genus Agapostemon Guerin. Proceedings of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences 7: 156–165. [Agapostemon]

 

“Crop Pollination from Native Bees at Risk from Agricultural Intensification.”  National Science Foundation.  July 23, 2014.  <http://www.pnas.org/content/99/26/16812.full> 

 

"Cuckoo Bees:  Nomadinae."   PBase.Com.  (Tom Murray gallery).  June 15,20015.  <http://www.pbase.com/tmurray74/cuckoo_bees_nomadinae>  [Nomada]

 

Danforth, B.N. and K.N. Magnacca. 2002. Bees of New York State. New York State Biodiversity Clearinghouse, New York State Biodiversity Project and New York State Biodiversity Research Institute. http://www.nybiodiversity.org/

 

Davis, David R., & Wallace E. Laberge, "The nest biology of the bee Andrena (Ptilandrena) erigeniae Robertson (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)," Illinois Natural History Survey (June, 1975). Archive.org. Web. Jan. 4, 2016.  <https://archive.org/stream/nestbiologyofbee95davi/nestbiologyofbee95davi_djvu.txt>

​

Deyrup, Mark, Jayanthi Edirisinghe & Beth Norden. 2002.  The diversity and floral hosts of bees at the Archbold Biological Station, Florida (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), Insecta Mundi 16(1-3): 87-120.  [Coelioxys]

​

Dreisbach, Robert  R. 1945. The green halictine bees of the genera Agapostemon, Augochlora, Augochlorella, and Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in Michigan, with keys and distribution. Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts and Letters 30: 221–227. [Agapostemon]

​

Droege, Sam, “Andrenidae, Colletidae, Melittidae:  A Guide to Their Identification in Eastern North America.”  Dec. 9, 2008.  Web.  June 26, 2015. <http://www.slideshare.net/sdroege/eastern-north-american-andrenidae-bees-taxonomy-distribution-identification-presentation>

​

Droege, Sam, "Guide to the Bee Genera within Apidae of Eastern North America." Parts I and II.   <http://www.slideshare.net/sdroege/guide-to-the-bee-genera-within-apidae-of-eastern-north-america-part-1-presentation?next_slideshow=1> and https://www.slideshare.net/sdroege/guide-to-the-bee-genera-within-apidae-of-eastern-north-america-part-2-presentation

 

Droege, Sam, “Identification Guide to the Megachilidae Genera of Eastern North America”.  Jan. 8, 2009.  Web.  June 26, 2015. <http://www.slideshare.net/sdroege/identification-guide-to-the-megachilidae-genera-of-eastern-north-america-presentation?related=1>

​

Droege, Sam, “Osmia Georgica”.  United States Geological Survey Bee Inventory and  Monitoring Lab.  Web.  June 16, 2016. <https://www.flickr.com/photos/usgsbiml/26392252245/>

​

Dyer, J.G., &  A. F. Shinn. 1978.  Pollen collected by Calliopsis andreniformis Smith in North America (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae), Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 51: 787-795.  

​

Eickwort, George C. 1981.  Aspects of the nesting biology of five nearctic species of Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 54: 337-351.  [Agapostemon]​

​

Eickwort, George C. 1977.  Aspects of the nesting biology and descriptions of immature stages of Perdita octomaculata and P. halictoides (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae).  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 50(4)577-599. [Perdita]

​

Eickwort, George C.  1969.  A comparative morphological study and generic revision of the Augochlorine bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 48: 326–524. [Augochlorini]

​​

Eickwort, George C., Robert W. Matthews and James Carpenter. 1981. Observations on the nesting behavior of Megachile rubi and M. texana with a discussion of the significance of soil nesting in the evolution of Megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 54(3): 557-570. 

​

Engel, Michael S. 2000. Classification of the bee tribe Augochlorini (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 250: 1–89. [Augochlorini]​

​

Freitas, Felipe V., MG Branstetter, Terry L Griswold, & Eduardo A. B. Almeida.  2021. “Partitioned gene-tree analyses and gene-based topology testing help resolve incongruence in a phylogenomic study of host-specialist bees (Apidae: Eucerinae).” Molecular Biology and Evolution 38(3):1090–1100.  [Eucerini]

​

Freitas, Felipe V., Michael G. Branstetter, Vinícius H. Franceschini-Santos, Achik Dorchin, Karen W. Wright, Margarita M. López-Uribe, Terry Griswold, Fernando A. Silveira, & Eduardo A.B. Almeida. 2023. UCE phylogenomics, biogeography, and classification of long-horned bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Eucerini), with insights on using specimens with extremely degraded DNA," Insect Systematics and Diversity 7(4), 1-21. [Eucerini]

​

Gardner, J., & Gibbs, J. 2020. The ‘red-tailed’ Lasioglossum (Dialictus) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) of the western Nearctic. European Journal of Taxonomy 725: 1–242.  [Lasioglossum]

​

Gardner J. & Gibbs J. 2023. Revision of the Nearctic species of the Lasioglossum (Dialictus) gemmatum species complex (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 858: 1–222. [Lasioglossum]

​

Gardner, K.E., and J. S. Ascher.  2006.  Notes on the native bee pollinators in New York apple orchards.  Journal of the New York Entomological Society 114(1-2): 86-91 (2006).  

 

Garvey, Kathy K., "Wool Carder Bees Not the Terrorists Some Think."  Farm Press Daily.  Jan. 31, 2012.  Web. July 23, 2014.  <http://westernfarmpress.com/management/wool-carder-bees-not-terrorists-some-think>

​

"Giant Resin Bee."  Encyclopedia of Life.   Aug. 6, 2014.  Web.  <http://eol.org/pages/2752002/details> [Megachile]

​

​Gibbs, J. 2010. Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of Canada (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Halictini). Zootaxa  2591:  1–382. [Lasioglossum]

​

Gibbs, J. 2011. Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini). Zootaxa 3073: 1–216. [Lasioglossum]

​

Gibbs, J., Packer, L., Dumesh, S. & Danforth, B.N. 2013. Revision and reclassification of Lasioglossum (Evylaeus), L. (Hemihalictus) and L. (Sphecodogastra) in eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae). Zootaxa, 3672, 1–116. [Lasioglossum]

​

Giles, Valerie & John S. Ascher. 2006.  "A Survey of the Bees of the Black Rock Forest Preserve, New York (Hymenoptera:  Apoidea), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 15(2): 208-231.  

​

Giulian, J., B.N. Danforth, & J.G. Kueneman. 2024. A large aggregation of Melissodes bimaculatus (Hymenoptera: Apidae) offers perspectives on gregarious nesting and pollination services. Northeastern Naturalist 31(3): 402–417. [Melissodes]

​

Goldman, Jason G., "Bees Living in Cities Are Building Their Homes with Plastic."  Scientific American.  June 1, 2014.  Web.  July 21, 2015.  <http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bees-living-in-cities-are-building-their-homes-with-plastic/>

​

Gonçalves, Rodrigo. 2016.  A molecular and morphological phylogeny of the extant Augochlorini (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) with comments on implications for biogeography.  Systematic Entomology 41(4): 700-712.  [Augochlorini]

 

Goodell, Karen. 2000. Food availability affects Osmia pumila (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) foraging, reproduction, and brood parasitism. Oecologia 134(4): 518-527. 

 

Graenicher, S. 1904. The relations of the Andrenine bees to the entomophilous Flora of Milwaukee County,” Entomological News.  1904, p. 64.  Retrieved at website of University of Wisconsin-Madison Library. April 23, 2016. <http://images.library.wisc.edu/WI/EFacs/transactions/WT1904/reference/wi.wt1904.sgraenicher.pdf>  [Andrena]

​

Grahm, Jason R., Jamie Ellis, Glenn Hall and Catherine Zettel Nalen, “Anthophora abrupta Say.”  University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nemotology.  June 23, 2016.  Web.  <http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/misc/bees/anthophora_abrupta.htm  [Anthophora]

 

Greenleaf, Sarah S. & Claire Kremen, 2014.  Wild bees enhance honey bees' pollination of hybrid sunflower,"  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103(37).   [Apis]

 

​Hefetz, Abraham, George C. Eickwort, Murray S. Blum, James Cane & George E. Bohart. 1982. A comparative study of the exocrine products of cleptoparasitic bees (Holcopasites) and their hosts (Calliopsis) (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Andrenidae),  Journal of Chemical Ecology 8(11): 1389-1397. [Holcopasites]  [Calliopsis]

​

Hogendoorn, Katja & Remko Leys. 1997. Life-cycle of Halictus rubicundus Christ (Hymenoptera Halictidae) in the Netherlands:  two populations." Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 70(4): 347-352.  [Halictus]

​

Hogland, F. E. 2025.  Melissodes apicatus. The Melissodes Project. Latest version available at https://themelissodesproject.wildref.org/melissodes-apicatus.html.  [Melissodes]

 

​“Holandrena,” The Bees of Florida. University of Florida - Gainesville, Department of Entomology and Nematology.  May 15, 2017.  [Excellent key for Cresson's Andrena]  <http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/HallG/Melitto/floridabees/holandrena.htm>  [Andrena]

​

​Holland, Jennifer S., "Gold Dusters."  National Geographic.  March, 2011.  Web.  August 21, 2014. 

 

Holland, Jennifer S.  "The Plight of the Honey Bee."  National Geographic.   May 10, 2013.  Web.  August 21, 2014. <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130510-honeybee-bee-science-european-union-pesticides-colony-collapse-epa-science/>  [Apis]

​

"Honey Bee Stealing Pollen from Native Bee."  Online video clip.  "Honey Bees  (Apis mellifera").  Wildscreen Arkive.  Web.   Accessed Oct. 28, 2016. <http://www.arkive.org/honey-bee/apis-mellifera/video-11d.html>   [showing a British honey bee robbing an unidentified wild bee pollinating a impatiens-like flower]  [Apis]

​

Humphrey, Stephen, ”Leafcutter bee (Megachile relativa) builds a brood cell” [video], part of series titled “Odes to Solitary Bees.”  Resonating Bodies.  August 14, 2010.  Web.  July 5, 2017.  <https://resonatingbodies.wordpress.com/art/odes/>  [Megachile]

​

Hurd, P.D., Jr., & E.G. Linsley. 1959. Observations on the nest-site behavior of Melissodes composita Tucker and its parasites, with notes on the communal use of nest entrances (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Entomological News 70(6): 141–146. [Melissodes]

 

Hurd, P. D.,Jr., E.G. Linsley, & A.D. Michelbacher. 1974. Ecology of the squash and gourd bee, Peponapis pruinosa, on cultivated cucurbits in California (hymenoptera: Apoidea). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 168: 1–17. [Squash bee; Xenoglossa]

 

​Ingber, Sasha, "As Honey Bees Die Off, First Inventory of Wild Bees Is Underway." National Geographic, July 11, 2014.  Web. August 21, 2014.  <http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/07/140711-wild-bees-north-america-honeybees-science/>

 

Isaacs, Rufus and Julianna Tuell, "Conserving Bees on Native Farmland." Michigan State University Extension Bulletin E-2985.  May, 2007.  Web.  July 17, 2014.  <http://www.gratiotlakeconservancy.org/NewIn2010/BeesForWeb/E2985ConservingNativeBees.pdf>

​

Janjic, Jessica & Laurence Packer. 2003. Phylogeny of the bee genus Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Systematic Entomology 28 (1): 101–124. [Agapostemon]

 

Johnson, M. D. 1986. “Stelis lateralis reared from a nest of Osmia pumila” (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).  Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 59: 743-745. [Osmia; Stelis]]

 

“Key to Green Halictid Diversity.”   University of Virginia.  Web.  June 21, 2015. <http://people.virginia.edu/~thr8z/Bee_Diversity/Green_Halictid_Key/>  [Augochlorini]

​

Knerer, Gerd & Patricia MacKay. 1969.  Bionomic notes on the solitary Evylaeus oenotherae (Stevens)” (Hymenoptera: Halictinae), a matinal summer bee visiting cultivated Onagraceae. Canadian Journal of Zoology 47(3): 289-294.  [Lasioglossum oenotherae]

 

Kondo, Takumasa, Michael L. Williams, and Robert Minckley. 2000. “Giant Resin Bees!  Exotic Bee Species Makes Its Way from East Coast to Alabama."  Highlights of Agricultural Research 47(3).  [Megachile sculpturalis]

Krombein, Karl, "1970. Another note on the nesting habits of Megachile texana Cresson. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 55: 84-85.

​

Krombein, Karl V, Trap-nesting Wasps and Bees:  Life Histories, Nests and Associates.  Washington, D.C.:  Smithsonian Press, 1967, p. 264-269. [Nesting behavior of leafcutter bees]

​

​"Kudzu."  National Park Service.  August 6, 2014. <http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien./pubs/midatlantic/pumol.htm>​

​

LaBerge, Wallace E. 1986.  "Andrena (Holandrena) cressonii Robertson," from "A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part XI. Minor subgenera and subgeneric key. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 111: 441-567.  [Andrena cressonii at 523-538].

​

​LaBerge, Wallace E. 1973.  "A revision of the bees of the genus Andrena of the western hemisphere. Part VI. Subgenus Trachandrena. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 99:235-37.  [Andrena]

​

LaBerge, Wallace E. 1963. "New species and Records of Little-known Species of Melissodes from North America (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae),” Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 9.

​

LaBerge, Wallace E. 1956b. A revision of the bees of the genus Melissodes in north and Central America. part I. (Hymenoptera, Apidae).  The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 37(18): 911–1194. [Melissodes]

​

LaBerge, Wallace E. 1956a. A revision of the bees of the genus Melissodes in North and Central America. part II (hymenoptera, Apidae), The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 38(8):  533–578. [Melissodes]

​

LaBerge, Wallace E & D. W. Ribble. 1966. The nests and larvae of two species of Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 39: 467-472. [Agapostemon]

​

López-Uribe, M. M., Cane, J. H., Minckley, R. L., & Danforth, B. N. 2016. Crop domestication facilitated rapid geographical expansion of a specialist pollinator, the squash bee Peponapis pruinosa. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283(833): 20160443. [Squash bee; Xenoglossa]

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